Social & behavioral research on Alzheimer's Disease and dementia in diverse populations: A bibliography

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North America (228)

Canada (3)

• Clarfield, A. Mark; Monette, Johanne; Bergman, Howard; Monette, Michele; Caine, Yehezkel; Charles, Jocelyn; Gordon, Michael; Gore, Brian. (2006). Enteral feeding in end-stage dementia: a comparison of religious, ethnic, and national differences in Canada and Israel. Journals of Gerontology: Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 61A(6), 621-7.
• Hendrie, Hugh C. (2006). Lessons learned from international comparative crosscultural studies on dementia. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14(6), 480-88.
• Lanting, Shawnda; Crossley, Margaret; Morgan, Debra; Cammer, Allison. (2011). Aboriginal experiences of aging and dementia in a context of sociocultural change: Qualitative analysis of key informant group interviews with aboriginal seniors. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology , 26(1), 103-117.

United States (225)

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Alabama

Elliott, Amanda F.; DeCoster, Jamie. (2010). Enhancing Caregiver Health: Findings from the Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health II Intervention. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 58(1), 30-37. Kosberg, Jordan I.; Kaufman, Allan V.; Burgio, Louis D. (2007). Family caregiving to those with dementia in rural Alabama: Racial similarities and differences. Journal of Aging & Health, 19(1), 3-21. Roff, L. L., Burgio, L. D., Gitlin, L., Nichols, L., Chaplin, W., & Hardin, J. M. (2004). Positive aspects of Alzheimer's caregiving: The role of race. Journals of Gerontology (Series B), 59B(4), P185-P190. Sun, Fei; Kosberg, Jordan I.; Leeper, James; Kaufman, Allan V.; Burgio, Louis. (2010). Racial differences in perceived burden of rural dementia caregivers: The mediating effect of religiosity. Journal of Applied Gerontology 29(3), 290-307.

Alaska

Jervis, L. L., & Manson, S. M. (2002). American Indians/Alaska Natives and dementia. Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders, 16(Suppl. 2), S89-95.

California

Aranda, M. P., Villa, V. M., Trejo, L., Ramirez, R., & Ranney, M. (2003). El Portal Latino Alzheimer's Project: Model program for Latino caregivers of Alzheimer's disease-affected people. Social Work, 48(2), 259-271. Azar, Armin; Dadvar, Shukofeh. (2008). Psychoeducational program for Iranian family caregivers living in northern California. Clincal Gerontologist, 31(3), 95-100. Chow, T. W., Liu, C. K., Fuh, J. L., Leung, V. P. Y., Tai, C. T., Chen, L. W., et al. (2002). Neuropsychiatric symptoms of Alzheimer's disease differ in Chinese and American patients. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 17(1), 22-28. Chow, T. W., Ross, L., Fox, P., Cummings, J. L., & Lin, K. M. (2000). Utilization of Alzheimer's disease community resources by Asian-Americans in California. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 15(9), 838-847. Elliott, Amanda F.; DeCoster, Jamie. (2010). Enhancing Caregiver Health: Findings from the Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health II Intervention. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 58(1), 30-37. Fillenbaum, Gerda G.; Kuchibhatla, Maragatha; Henderson, Victor W.; Clark, Christopher M.; Taussig, I. Maribel. (2007). Comparison of performance on the CERAD Neurological Battery of Hispanic patients and cognitively normal controls at two sites. Clinical Gerontologist, 30(3), 1-22. Hargrave, R., Stoeklin, M., Haan, M., & Reed, B. (1998). Clinical aspects of Alzheimer's disease in black and white patients. Journal of the National Medical Association, 90(2), 78-84. Hart, V. R., & Gallagher-Thompson, D. (1996). Strategies for increasing participation of ethnic minorities in Alzheimer's disease diagnostic centers: A multifaceted approach in California. Gerontologist, 36(2), 259-262. Hinton, Ladson; Carter, Kimberly; Reed, Bruce R.; Beckett, Laurel; Lara, Esther; DeCarli, Charles; Mungas, Dan. (2010). Recruitment of a community-based cohort for research on diversity and risk of dementia. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders 24(3), 234-241. Jones, Randi S.; Chow, Tiffany W.; Gatz, Margaret. (2006). Asian Americans and Alzheimer's disease: assimiliation, culture and beliefs. Journal of Aging Studies 20(1): 11-25. Knight, B. G., Silverstein, M., McCallum, T. J., & Fox, L. S. (2000). A sociocultural stress and coping model for mental health outcomes among African American caregivers in southern California. Journals of Gerontology (Series B), 55B(3), P142-P150. Lee, E. E., & Farran, C. J. (2004). Depression among Korean, Korean American and Caucasian American family caregivers. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 15(1), 18-25. Liu, Dandan; Hinton, Ladson; Tran, Cindy; Hinton, Devon; Barker, Judith C. (2008). Reexamining the relationships among dementia, stigma, and aging in immigrant Chinese and Vietnamese family caregivers. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 23(3), 283-299. Losada, A.; Shurgot, G. Robinson; Knight, B.G.; Marquez, M.; Montorio, I.; Izal, M.; Ruiz, M.A. (2006). Cross-cultural study comparing the association of familism with burden and depressive symptoms in two samples of Hispanic dementia caregivers. Aging and Mental Health, 10(1), 69-76. Mausbach, B. T., Coon, D. W., Depp, C., Rabinowitz, Y. G., Wilson-Arias, E., Kraemer, H. C., et al. (2004). Ethnicity and time to institutionalization of dementia patients: A comparison of Latina and Caucasian female family caregivers. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 52(7), 1077-1084. Montoro-Rodriguez, Julian, Gallagher-Thompson, Dolores. (2009). The role of resources and appraisals in predicting burden among Latina and non-Hispanic white female caregivers: A test of an expanded socio-cultural model of stress and coping. Aging and Mental Health, 13(5), 648-658. Ortiz, Freddy; Fitten, L. Jaime; Cummings, Jeffrey L.; Hwang, Sun; Fonseca, Maureen. (2006). Neuropsychiatric and behavioral symptoms in a community sample of Hispanics with Alzheimer's disease. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias, 21(4), 263-73. Pang, L. W., Chow, T. W., Cummings, J. L., Leung, V. P. Y., Chiu, H. F. K., Lam, L. C. W., et al. (2002). Effect of neuropsychiatric symptoms of Alzheimer's disease on Chinese and American caregivers. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 17(1), 29-34. Patterson, T. L., Semple, S. J., Shaw, W. S., Yu, E., He, Y., Zhang, M. Y., et al. (1998). The cultural context of caregiving: A comparison of Alzheimer's caregivers in Shanghai, China and San Diego, California. Psychological Medicine, 28(5), 1071-1084. Sano, M., Mackell, J. A., Ponton, M., Ferreira, P., Wilson, J., Pawluczyk, S., et al. (1997). The Spanish Instrument Protocol: Design and implementation of a study to evaluate treatment efficacy instruments for Spanish-speaking patients with Alzheimer's disease. The Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study. Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders, 11(Suppl. 2), S57-S64. Schreiner, A. S., Yamamoto, E., & Shiotani, H. (2000). Agitated behavior in elderly nursing home residents with dementia in Japan. Journals of Gerontology (Series B), 55(3), P180-P186. Shadlen, M.F., Larson, E. B., Gibbons, L., McCormick, W. C., & Teri, L. (1999). Alzheimer's disease symptom severity in blacks and whites. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 47(4), 482-486. Shadlen, M.F., McCormick, W. C., & Larson, E. B. (2002). Research agenda for understanding Alzheimer disease in diverse populations: Work group on cultural diversity, Alzheimer's Association. Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders, 16(Suppl. 2), S96-S100. Shaw, W., Patterson, T., Semple, S., Grant, I., Yu, E., Zhang, M., et al. (1997). A cross-cultural validation of coping strategies and their associations with caregiving distress. Gerontologist, 37(4), 490-504. Yeo, G., Gallagher-Thompson, D., & Lieberman, M. (1996). Variations in dementia characteristics by ethnic category. In D. Gallagher-Thompson & G. Yeo (Eds.), Ethnicity and the dementias (pp. 21-30). Philadelphia, PA: Taylor & Francis.

District of Columbia

Crewe, Sandra Edmonds. (2007). Joy of living: A community-based mental health promotion program for African American elders. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 48(3-4), 421-38.

Florida

Bank, Adam L.; Arguelles, Soledad; Rubert, Mark; Eisdorfer, Carl; Czaja, Sara J. (2006). The value of telephone support groups among ethnically diverse caregivers of persons with dementia. Gerontologist 46(1): 134-38. Elliott, Amanda F.; DeCoster, Jamie. (2010). Enhancing Caregiver Health: Findings from the Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health II Intervention. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 58(1), 30-37. Jett, Kathleen F. (2006). Mind-loss in the African American community: dementia as a normal part of aging. Journal of Aging Studies 20(1): 1-10. Mitrani, Victoria B.; Lewis, John E.; Feaster, Daniel J.; Czaja, Sara J.; Eisdorfer, Carl; Schulz, Richard; Szapocznik, Jose. (2005). Role of family functioning in the stress process of dementia caregivers: a structural family framework. Gerontologist 46(1): 97-105.

Georgia

Auchus, A. (1997). Dementia in urban black outpatients: Initial experience at the Emory satellite clinics. Gerontologist, 37(1), 25-29. Auchus, A. (1997). Demographic and clinical features of Alzheimer's disease in black Americans: Preliminary observations on an outpatient sample in Atlanta, Georgia. Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders, 11(1), 38-46.

Hawaii

Martin, G. M., & Kukull, W. A. (1996). Do cultural differences affect Alzheimer disease? JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, 276(12), 993. Taaffe, Dennis R.; Irie, Fumiko; Masaki, Kamal H.; et al. (2008). Physical activity, physical function, and incident dementia in elderly men: the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. Journals of Gerontology: Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 63A(5), 529-535.

Illinois

Dale, William; Hougham, Gavin W.; Hill, Emily Kay; Sachs, Greg A. (2006). High interest in screening and treatment for mild cognitive impairment in older adults: a pilot study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 54(9), 1388-94. Lee, E. E., & Farran, C. J. (2004). Depression among Korean, Korean American and Caucasian American family caregivers. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 15(1), 18-25. Wilson, Robert S.; Li, Yan; Aggarwal, Neelum T.; McCann, Judy J.; Gilley, David W.; Bienias, Julia L.; Barnes, Lisa L.; Evans, Denis A. (2006). Cognitive decline and survival in Alzheimer's disease. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(4), 356-62. Wilson, R. S.; Aggarwal, N. T.; Barnes, L. L.; Mendes de Leon, C. F.; Hebert, L. E.; Evans, D. A. (2010). Cognitive decline in incident Alzheimer disease in a community population. Neurology, 74(12), 951-955.

Indiana

Baiyewu, O., Smith-Gamble, V., Akinbiyi, A., Lane, K. A., Hall, K. S., Ogunniyi, A., et al. (2003). Behavioral and caregiver reaction of dementia as measured by the neuropsychiatric inventory in Nigerian community residents. International Psychogeriatrics, 15(4), 399-409. Boustani, Malaz; Hall, Kathleen S.; Lane, Kathleen A.; Aljadhey, Hisham; et. al. (2007). Association between cognition and histamine-2 receptor antagonists in African Americans. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 55(8), 1248-53. Callahan, C. M., Hall, K. S., Hui, S. L., Musick, B. S., Unverzagt, F. W., & Hendrie, H. C. (1996). Relationship of age, education, and occupation with dementia among a community-based sample of African Americans. Archives of Neurology, 53(2), 134-140. Fillenbaum, G. G., Heyman, A., Huber, M. S., Ganguli, M., & Unverzagt, F. W. (2001). Performance of elderly African American and white community residents on the CERAD Neuropsychology Battery. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 7(4), 502-509. Hall, K. S., Gao, S. J., Unverzagt, F. W., & Hendrie, H. C. (2000). Low education and childhood rural residence: Risk for Alzheimer's disease in African Americans. Neurology, 54(1), 95-99. Hendrie, Hugh C. (2006). Lessons learned from international comparative crosscultural studies on dementia. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14(6), 480-88. Shen, Jianzhao; Gao, Sujuan; Unverzagt, Frederick W.; Ogunniyi, Adesola; Baiyewu, Olusegun; Gureje, Oye; Hendrie, Hugh C.; Hall, Kathleen S. (2006). Validation analysis of informant's ratings of cognitive function in African Americans and Nigerians. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(7), 618-25. Smith-Gamble, V., Baiyewu, O., Perkins, A. J., Gureje, O., Hall, K. S., Ogunniyi, A., et al. (2002). Informant reports of changes in personality predict dementia in a population-based study of elderly African Americans and Yoruba. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 10(6), 724-732.

Maryland

Bassiony, M. M., Warren, A., Rosenblatt, A., Baker, A., Steinberg, M., Steele, C. D., et al. (2002). Isolated hallucinosis in Alzheimer's disease is associated with African-American race. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 17(3), 205-210. Samus, Quincy M.; Mayer, Lawrence; Baker, Alva; McNabney, Matthew; Brandt, Jason; Onyike, Chiadi U.; Rabins, Peter V.; Lyketsos, Constantine G.; Rosenblatt, Adam. (2008). Characteristics and outcomes for assisted living residents with dementia: comparing dementia-specific care units with non-dementia-specific care units. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 56(7), 1361-1363. Weintraub, D., Raskin, A., Ruskin, P. E., Gruber-Baldini, A. L., Zimmerman, S. I., Hebel, J. R., et al. (2000). Racial differences in the prevalence of dementia among patients admitted to nursing homes. Psychiatric Services, 51(10), 1259-1264.

Massachusetts

Guo, Z., Levy, B. R., Hinton, W. L., Weitzman, P. F., & Levkoff, S. E. (2000). The power of labels: Recruiting dementia-affected Chinese American elders and their caregivers. Journal of Mental Health and Aging, 6(1), 103-112. Hinton, W. L., Fox, K., & Levkoff, S. (1999). Introduction: Exploring the relationships among aging, ethnicity, and family caregiving. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 23(4), 403-413. Hinton, W. L., Guo, Z., Hillygus, J., & Levkoff, S. (2000). Working with culture: A qualitative analysis of barriers to the recruitment of Chinese-American family caregivers for dementia research. Journal of Cross Cultural Gerontology, 15(2), 119-137. Hinton, W. L., & Levkoff, S. (1999). Constructing Alzheimer's: Narratives of lost identities, confusion and loneliness in old age. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 23(4), 453-475. Liu, Dandan; Hinton, Ladson; Tran, Cindy; Hinton, Devon; Barker, Judith C. (2008). Reexamining the relationships among dementia, stigma, and aging in immigrant Chinese and Vietnamese family caregivers. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 23(3), 283-299.

Michigan

Espiritu, D. A., Rashid, H., Mast, B. T., Fitzgerald, J., Steinberg, J., & Lichtenberg, P. A. (2001). Depression, cognitive impairment and function in Alzheimer's disease. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 16(44), 1098-1103.

Missouri

Crist, J., Armer, J., & Radina, M. (2002). A study in cultural diversity: Caregiving for the Old Order Amish elder with Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Multicultural Nursing & Health, 8(3), 78-85.

New York

Cohen, C. I. (2000). Racial differences in neuropsychiatric symptoms among dementia patients: A comparison of African Americans and whites. International Psychogeriatrics, 12(Suppl. 1), 395-402. Cohen, C. I., & Carlin, L. (1993). Racial differences in clinical and social variables among patients evaluated in a dementia assessment center. Journal of the National Medical Association, 85(5), 379-384. Cohen, C. I., Hyland, K., & Magai, C. (1998). Depression among African American nursing home patients with dementia. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 6(2), 162-175. Cohen, C. I., Hyland, K., & Magai, C. (1998). Interracial and intraracial differences in neuropsychiatric symptoms, sociodemography, and treatment among nursing home patients with dementia. Gerontologist, 38(3), 353-361. Cohen, C. I., & Magai, C. (1999). Racial differences in neuropsychiatric symptoms among dementia outpatients. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 7(1), 57-63. Luchsinger, Jose A.; Reitz, Christiane; Patel, Bindu. (2007). Relation of diabetes to mild cognitive impairment. Archives of Neurology, 64(4), 570-75.

North Carolina

Fillenbaum, G. G., Heyman, A., Huber, M. S., Ganguli, M., & Unverzagt, F. W. (2001). Performance of elderly African American and white community residents on the CERAD Neuropsychology Battery. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 7(4), 502-509. Kelly, Christopher M.; Williams, Ishan Canty. (2007). Providing dementia-specific services to family caregivers: North Carolina's Project C.A.R.E. program. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 26(4), 399-412.

Ohio

McCallum, T. J.; Spencer, S. Melinda; Goins, R. Turner. (2008). Lost in summation: Depression among African American female caregivers and noncaregivers. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 23(1), 77-84.

Pennsylvania

Elliott, Amanda F.; DeCoster, Jamie. (2010). Enhancing Caregiver Health: Findings from the Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health II Intervention. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 58(1), 30-37. Fillenbaum, G. G., Heyman, A., Huber, M. S., Ganguli, M., & Unverzagt, F. W. (2001). Performance of elderly African American and white community residents on the CERAD Neuropsychology Battery. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 7(4), 502-509. Fillenbaum, Gerda G.; Kuchibhatla, Maragatha; Henderson, Victor W.; Clark, Christopher M.; Taussig, I. Maribel. (2007). Comparison of performance on the CERAD Neurological Battery of Hispanic patients and cognitively normal controls at two sites. Clinical Gerontologist, 30(3), 1-22. Ford, A. (1996). Alzheimer disease: Outreach to the African American community. Molecular and Chemical Neuropathology, 28(1-3), 121-124. Roff, L. L., Burgio, L. D., Gitlin, L., Nichols, L., Chaplin, W., & Hardin, J. M. (2004). Positive aspects of Alzheimer's caregiving: The role of race. Journals of Gerontology (Series B), 59B(4), P185-P190.

Puerto Rico

Figueroa, Raul; Steenland, Kyle; MacNeil, Jessica R.; Levey, Allan I.; Vega, Irving E. (2008). Geographical differences in the occurrence of Alzheimer's disease mortality: United States versus Puerto Rico. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias, 23(5), 462-469.

Rhode Island

Salguero, R. H., Kohn, R., Salguero, L. F., & Marotta, C. A. (1998). Caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease: Cultural differences in perceived caregiver burden in Guatemala and Rhode Island. Journal of Cross Cultural Gerontology, 13(3), 229-240.

Tennessee

Elliott, Amanda F.; DeCoster, Jamie. (2010). Enhancing Caregiver Health: Findings from the Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health II Intervention. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 58(1), 30-37. Husaini, B. A., Sherkat, D. E., Moonis, M., Levine, R., Holzer, C., & Cain, V. A. (2003). Racial differences in the diagnosis of dementia and its effects on the use and costs of health care services. Psychiatric Services, 54(1), 92-96. Roff, L. L., Burgio, L. D., Gitlin, L., Nichols, L., Chaplin, W., & Hardin, J. M. (2004). Positive aspects of Alzheimer's caregiving: The role of race. Journals of Gerontology (Series B), 59B(4), P185-P190.

Virginia

Coogle, C. L. (2002). The Families Who Care project: Meeting the educational needs of African American and rural family care givers dealing with dementia. Educational Gerontology, 28(1), 59-71.

United States (general)

Adams, B., Aranda, M. P., Kemp, B., & Takagi, K. A. (2002). Ethnic and gender differences in distress among Anglo American, African American, Japanese American, and Mexican American spousal caregivers of persons with dementia. Journal of Clinical Geropsychology, 8(4), 279-301. Akpaffiong, M., Kunik, M. E., Hale, D., Molinari, V., & Orengo, C. (1999). Cross-cultural differences in demented geropsychiatric inpatients with behavioral disturbances. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 14(10), 845-850. Austrom, Mary Guerriero; Hartwell, Cora; Moore, Patricia; Perkins, Anthony J.; Damush, Teresa; Unverzagt, Frederick W.; Boustani, Malaz; Hendrie, Hugh C.; Callahan, Christopher M. (2006). An integrated model of comprehensive care for people with Alzheimer's disease and their caregivers in a primary care setting. Dementia: The International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 5(3), 339-52. Ayalon, L., & Arean, P. A. (2004). Knowledge of Alzheimer's disease in four ethnic groups of older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 19(1), 51-57. Bachman, D., Green, R. C., Benke, K. S., Cupples, L. A., & Farrer, L. A. (2003). Comparison of Alzheimer's disease risk factors in white and African American families. Neurology, 60(8), 1372-1374. Ballard, E. L., & Others, A. (1993). Recruitment of black elderly for clinical research studies of dementia: The CERAD experience. Gerontologist, 33(4), 561-565. Barnes, Lisa L.; Wilson, Robert S.; Li, Yan; Aggarwal, Neelum T.; Gilley, David W.; McCann, Judith J.; Evans, Denis A. (2005). Racial differences in the progression of cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 13(11), 959-967. Binetti, G., Mega, M. S., Magni, E., Padovani, A., Rozzini, L., Bianchetti, A., et al. (1998). Behavioral disorders in Alzheimer disease: A transcultural perspective. Archives of Neurology, 55(4), 539-544. Bonner, G. J., Darkwa, O. K., & Gorelick, P. B. (2000). Autopsy recruitment program for African Americans. Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders, 14(4), 202-208. Boustani, Malaz; Perkins, Anthony J.; Fox, Chris; Unverzagt, Fred; Austrom, Mary Guerriero; Fultz, Bridget; Hui, Siu; Callahan, Christopher M.; Hendrie, Hugh C. (2006). Who refuses the diagnostic assessment for dementia in primary care? International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(6), 556-63. Buhr, Gwendolen T.; Kuchibhatla, Maragatha; Clipp, Elizabeth C. (2006). Caregivers' reasons for nursing home placement: clues for improving discussions with families prior to the transition. Gerontologist 46(1): 52-61. Burgio, L., Stevens, D., Guy, D., Roth, D. L., & Haley, W. E. (2003). Impact of two psychological interventions on white and African American family caregivers of individuals with dementia. Gerontologist, 43(4), 568-579. Burns, Robert; Nichols, Linda O.; Graney, Marshall J.; Martindale-Adams, Jennifer; Lummus, Alan. (2006). Cognitive abilities of Alzheimer's patients: perceptions of black and white caregivers. International Journal of Aging and Human Development 62(3): 209-19. Carlson, M. C., Brandt, J., Carson, K. A., & Kawas, C. H. (1998). Lack of relation between race and cognitive test performance in Alzheimer's disease. Neurology, 50(5), 1499-1501. Chan, A. S., Choi, M. K., & Salmon, D. P. (2001). The effect of age, education, and gender on the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale performance of elderly Chinese and American individuals. Journals of Gerontology (Series B), 56B(6), P356-363. Chandra, V., Ganguli, M., Ratcliff, G., Pandav, R., Sharma, S., Belle, S., et al. (1998). Practical issues in cognitive screening of elderly illiterate populations in developing countries: The Indo-US Cross-National Epidemiology Study. Aging (Milano), 10(5), 349-357. Chen, J. C., Borson, S., & Scanlan, J. M. (2000). Stage-specific prevalence of behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer's disease in a multi-ethnic community sample. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 8(2), 123-133. Chun, M.; Knight, B. G.; Youn, G. (2007). Differences in stress and coping models of emotional distress among Korean, Korean-American, and white-American caregivers. Aging and Mental Health, 11(1), 20-9. Clark, Patricia C.; Kutner, Nancy G.; Goldstein, Felicia G.; Peterson-Hazen, Susan; Garner, Vanessa; Zhang, Rebecca; Bowles, Tess. (2005). Impediments to timely diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in African Americans. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53(11), 2012-2017. Clay, Olivio J.; Roth, David L.; Wadley, Virginia G.; Haley, William E. (2008). Changes in social support and their impact on psychosocial outcome over a 5-year period for African American and White dementia caregivers. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 23(8), 857-862. Cloutterbuck, J. (2003). African American dementia caregivers: The duality of respect. Dementia, 2(2), 221-241. Connell, C., & Gibson, G. (1997). Racial, ethnic, and cultural differences in dementia caregiving: Review and analysis. Gerontologist, 37(3), 355-364. Connell, C. M., Shaw, B. A., Holmes, S. B., & Foster, N. L. (2001). Caregivers' attitudes toward their family members' participation in Alzheimer disease research: Implications for recruitment and retention. Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders, 15(3), 137-145. Connell, Cathleen M.; Roberts, J. Scott; McLaughlin, Sara J. (2007). Public opinion about Alzheimer disease among Blacks, Hispanics and Whites: Results from a national survey. Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders, 21(3), 232-240. Cooper, Claudia; Livingston, Gill. (2010). A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Ethnic Differences in Use of Dementia Treatment, Care, and Research. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18(3), 193-203. Cox, C. (1995). Comparing the experiences of black and white caregivers of dementia patients. Social Work, 40(3), 343-349. Cox, C. (1995). Meeting the mental health needs of the caregiver: The impact of Alzheimer's disease on Hispanic and African American families. In D. K. Padgett (Ed.), Handbook on ethnicity, aging, and mental health (pp. 265-283). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. Cox, C. (1996). Outcomes of hospitalization: Factors influencing the discharges of African American and white dementia patients. Social Work in Health Care, 23(1), 23-38. Cox, C. (1999). Race and caregiving: Patterns of service use by African American and white caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 32(2), 5-19. Cox, C. (1999). Service needs and use: A further look at the experiences of African American and white caregivers seeking Alzheimer's assistance. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 14(2), 93-101. Cox, C., & Monk, A. (1990). Minority caregivers of dementia victims: A comparison of black and Hispanic families. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 9(3), 340-354. Cox, C., & Monk, A. (1993). 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